What is a Solenoid Valve and How Does it Work
A solenoid valve is an electro-mechanical operated valve that regulates the flow of liquid/gas in a hydraulic or pneumatic system. A solenoid uses an electromagnet to energize and de-energize the valve's mechanical movement, which allows it to open or close the valve to prevent or allow fluid or gas flow.
A solenoid valve enables engineers to control the flow of liquid/gas in a system remotely and autonomously, without requiring engineers to open and close valves manually. The use of solenoid valves dramatically improves the system's efficiency and safety.
A solenoid valve comprises two parts: a solenoid on top of a valve. The solenoid consists of wire coils, a plunger, and a spring. In comparison, the valve comprises a valve body and an armature. The solenoid part is placed on the armature and completely encloses it, making it in the center of the magnetic field. The plunger and the spring are inside the cylinder of the armature. The plunger is pushed down by the spring in a normally closed N/C valve and sits in a down position to close the valve.
When the coil receives an electric current, an electromagnetic field will be generated, passing through the plunger, moving it against the spring, and pushing it upward to open the valve. When the electric current flow stops, the magnetic field vanishes, and the plunger is pushed down to close the valve.
In a normally open N/O valve, the setup is the same as a normally closed valve, except that the plunger is pushed up by the spring, and the valve is open. The electric current creates a magnetic field that pushes the plumber and closes the valve.
1-Valve Body, 2-Inlet Port, 3-Outlet Port, 4-Coil/Solenoid, 5-Coil Winding, 6- Lead Wires, 7-Plunger, 8-Spring, 9-Orifice/Openings
A control board is used to operate a solenoid valve by setting valves to operate at fixed intervals or to operate valves when setup conditions are met.
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